What is a major risk factor for developing coronary artery disease?

• A. Low cholesterol levels
• B. High cholesterol levels
• C. High levels of physical activity
• D. Youth and gender

Answer: (B)

High cholesterol levels are a major risk factor for developing coronary artery disease because elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries. This accumulation of plaque narrows the arteries and can impede blood flow to the heart, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and associated complications such as heart attack and angina.

Conversely, low cholesterol levels do not contribute to the development of coronary artery disease and are generally considered protective, while high levels of physical activity are associated with a reduced risk of developing the condition, as regular exercise can help maintain healthy cholesterol levels and promote cardiovascular health. Additionally, youth and gender can influence risk, but they are not as direct or significant risk factors compared to high cholesterol levels. These factors do not inherently cause coronary artery disease, making high cholesterol the most impactful risk factor among the given choices.